Incandescent gas-light



(No Model.)

G. M; LUNGREN.

INGANDESGENT GAS LIGHT.

No. 439,882., Patented'Nov. 4, 1-890.

me norms v51-:ns co., Puno-umol. wsummau. n. c.

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES M. LUNGREN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW' YORK.

INCANDESCENT GAS-LIGHT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 439,882, dated November 4, 1890.

Application filed April 9| 1889. Serial No. 306,498. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES M. LUN GEEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, in the State of New York, have invented' certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Gas- Lights, of which the following is a description.

My invention relates to an improved method of making filamentary bodies composed of the refractory earths orV metallic oxides to be used in incandescent gas-lighting; and it consists in weaving or otherwise interlacing threads or wires of the metallic oxides or refractory earths into the form of an open mesh or net-Work, the mesh or net-work being arranged in any suitable shape adapted to the iiame, such as a cone or tube.

As heretofore practiced, the method has been to wind the threads comprising the structure upon a mandrel of the desired shape and to press them together at the points of crossing. In making a cone, for instance, all or part of the threads running lengthwise of the conical mandrel are wound. Then the coil is wound over these, and where the two cross they are pressed together. When the threads are fine, there is great danger in this method of construction of cutting them in two when the pressure is sufficient to make them adhere. A more important objection to this method of construction is, however, the rigidity of the resulting structure, which prevents the parts expanding and contracting freely under the changes of temperature to which the structure is designed to be subjected. To obviate these objections I weave or otherwise interlace the threads composing the structure, which leaves all the parts free to move with regard to each other, while at the same time they are held in place and the form of the structure as a whole is preserved. In the drawings I have shown four different forms of such intel-lacing as applied to a conical structure. Y

In Figures l and lA the thread of refractory earth is shown disposed in a series of loops caught the one to the other, the arrangement being that produced by knitting. In Figs. 2 and 2A the threads are made to pass over and under each other in opposite diagonal directions, the construction being that producedr by a braiding-machine. In Figs. 3 and 3A is shown a sample of weaving proper. By appropriate mechanism half of the vertical threads are alternately carried above and below the horizontal thread, the operation being precisely that of a loom. In Figs. 4 and 4A is shown a form of interweaving produced by twisting alternate verticals about each other. This is produced by means of a special machine,which will form the subject of a separate application.

To handle a thread of the refractory earths in any of these ways requires that it should be very plastic and remain so for a consider- I ablelength of time and that it should have considerable tensile strength.' These qualities may be obtained by the use of a variety of binding materials. By the addition of glycerine to glue or allied binding materials the hardening of the glue is prevented and threads may be produced which will remain sufficiently plastic for the purpose. The class of binders soluble in the oils 0 1 ethers may also be used-such as rubber cement (pure rubber dissolved in naphtha) or burned linseedoil, (printers varnish.) In preparing such threads I mix the refractory earth-such as lnagnesia-with the binder and work t-he two together until a plastic mass of the requisite consistency is obtained. The plastic mass is then put in a press and a thread or wire of the desired size expressed through the die. These threads or wires may then be wound on a reelor bobbin and are preferablycoated with plumbago on the Way to prevent adherence of adjacent threads. This result can be readily accomplished by passing the threadthrough a guide supplied with plumbago. Then the thread is desired for use,`it is cut up into any desired lengths and used in the weaving, braiding, or knitting machines in the same manner as thread or yarn. After the structurcs are complete they are burned in a furnace at a high temperature to remove the combustible binder and to harden the refractory earth. They are then ready for use.

I claim-- l. The herein-described method of making incandescents of the refractory metallic 0X- ides or earths, which consists in expressing IOO threads or Wires from a plastic mass and then Weaving or otherwise interlacing these threads or Wires into structures ofthe desired the form of an open mesh or net-Work of suito able shape, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set form. my hand this 30th day of March, A. D; 1889. 5 2. The herein-described method of making incandescent lamentary bodies composed CHARLES M. LUNGREN.

of the refractory earths or metallic oxides, Witnesses: A

which consists in weaving or otherwise inter- THORNE S. WALLING,

lacing threads or Wires of such material into FREDERIC CARRAGAN. 

